《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(10): 1555-1564

白杨派无性系苗期对NaHCO₃胁迫的生长生理响应及耐盐碱性综合评价

杨传宝¹, 倪惠菁², 李善文^3,*, 姚俊修³, 郑占敏⁴, 田书勇⁵, 矫兴杰⁶

¹中国林业科学研究院, 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心, 杭州310012; ²山东农业大学林学院, 山东泰安271018; ³山东省林业科学研究院, 山东省林木遗传改良重点实验室, 济南250014; ⁴山东省莘县国有马西林场, 山东莘县252400; ⁵山东省国有冠县苗圃, 山东冠县252500; ⁶山东省牟平区林业局, 山东牟平264100

通信作者：李善文；E-mail: lishanwen66@163.com

摘　要：

为揭示白杨派无性系对盐渍环境的适应能力, 筛选速生耐盐碱优良无性系, 本文采用盆栽试验方法, 对8个白杨派无性系在不同浓度(0、30、60、90 mmol•L^-1) NaHCO₃胁迫下的生长及生理代谢指标的变化进行了研究。结果表明: 8个无性系的地上部分和根系生长均受到明显抑制, 无性系26和89表现出较强的速生性; 叶绿素含量均呈下降趋势, 其中下降最小的为无性系26和89; 随着NaHCO₃处理浓度的增加, 8个无性系叶片脯氨酸含量持续增加, 其中无性系26和89显著高于相同胁迫条件下其他无性系; NaHCO₃胁迫导致叶片细胞膜相对透性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量提高, 但相同胁迫条件下无性系26、LM50、89细胞膜相对透性以及MDA含量均显著低于其他无性系。超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性呈先增大后减小的变化趋势, 其中无性系89和26的酶活性始终高于其他无性系; 在90 mmol•L^-1 NaHCO₃处理下, 苗高增长量、地径增长量与各生理指标之间的相关性均达显著或极显著相关, 表明利用生长指标和生理指标对无性系耐盐性进行综合评价, 更能反映NaHCO₃胁迫后的响应。利用主成分分析对8个无性系生长及生理代谢等参数进行综合评价, 各无性系耐盐碱性由强到弱依次为26、89、LM50、150、Z3、27、1316、Y3。因此, 初步认为无性系26和89具有显著耐盐碱性和速生性, 可作为盐渍立地造林或抗逆育种的重要试验材料应用。

关键词：白杨派; NaHCO₃胁迫; 生长; 生理指标

收稿：2016-07-14   修定：2016-09-13

资助：山东省农业良种工程(2012213)。

Growth and physiological responses to NaHCO₃ stress and comprehensive evaluation on saline-alkaline tolerance in Leuce clones at seedling stage

YANG Chuan-Bao¹, NI Hui-Jing², LI Shan-Wen^3,*, YAO Jun-Xiu³, ZHENG Zhan-Min⁴, TIAN Shu-Yong⁵, JIAO Xing-Jie⁶

¹China National Bamboo Research Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310012, China; ²Forestry College, Shangdong Agricultural University, Shangdong, Taian 271018, China; ³Shandong Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement in Forest Trees of Shandong Province, Ji’nan 250014, China; ⁴Shenxian County State-owned Maxi Tree Farm of Shandong, Shangdong, Shenxian 252400, China; ⁵Guanxian County State-Owned Nursery of Shandong, Shangdong, Guanxian 252500, China; ⁶Shandong Muping Forestry Bureau, Shangdong, Muping 264100, China

Corresponding author: LI Shan-Wen; E-mail: lishanwen66@163.com

Abstract:

In order to explore the responses of white poplar clones to NaHCO₃ stress and select superior clones with characteristics of fast-growth and strong saline-alkaline resistance, the growth and physiological characteristics of eight white poplar clones grown in pots under 0, 30, 60 and 90 mmol•L^-1 NaHCO₃ stresses were investigated. The results showed that the growth of above-ground and root were inhibited apparently under NaHCO₃ stress. The two clones 26 and 89 showed the fast-growth. The chlorophyll content decreased obviously in all clones, and the chlorophyll content of clone 26 and 89 showed the smallest decline under NaHCO₃ stress. The content of the proline in eight clones showed the trend of increasing gradually with the increase of NaHCO₃ concentration, and that of clone 26 and 89 was significantly higher than the other clones. The cell membrane permeability and MDA content had a steady increase with the increase of NaHCO₃ concentration, and that of clone 26, LM50 and 89 was significantly lower than others under the same stress. SOD activity firstly increased and then decreased, and that of clone 26 and 89 was always higher than the other clones. Under 90 mmol•L^-1 NaHCO₃ stress, the height increment and the basal diameter increment had a significantly correlation with all the physiological indexes. It indicated that using the growth and physiological indexes to evaluate the salt-resistance of eight clones could therefore reflect the response of NaHCO₃ stress. Through principal component analysis, the sequence of salt resistance in eight clones was as follows: 26>89>LM50>150>Z3>27>1316>Y3. Therefore, it was preliminarily considered that clone 26 and 89 had significant saline-alkaline resistance and fast-growing, which could be used as the important testing materials for afforestation in saline area and breeding resource in resistance research.

Key words: Leuce; NaHCO₃ stress; growth; physiological index